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Blood and belief : the PKK and the Kurdish fight for independence
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ISBN: 0814796117 0814759564 1435607317 Year: 2007 Publisher: New York : New York University Press,

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Abstract

The Kurds, who number some 28 million people in the Middle East, have no country they can call their own. Long ignored by the West, Kurds are now highly visible actors on the world's political stage. More than half live in Turkey, where the Kurdish struggle has gained new strength and attention since the U.S. overthrow of Saddam Hussein in neighboring Iraq. Essential to understanding modern-day Kurds—and their continuing demands for an independent state—is understanding the PKK, the Kurdistan Workers’ Party. A guerilla force that was founded in 1978 by a small group of ex-Turkish university students, the PKK radicalized the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, becoming a tightly organized, well-armed fighting force of some 15,000, with a 50,000-member civilian militia in Turkey and tens of thousands of active backers in Europe. Under the leadership of Abdullah Ocalan, the war the PKK waged in Turkey through 1999 left nearly 40,000 people dead and drew in the neighboring states of Iran, Iraq, and Syria, all of whom sought to use the PKK for their own purposes. Since 2004, emboldened by the Iraqi Kurds, who now have established an autonomous Kurdish state in the northernmost reaches of Iraq, the PKK has again turned to violence to meet its objectives. Blood and Belief combines reportage and scholarship to give the first in-depth account of the PKK. Aliza Marcus, one of the first Western reporters to meet with PKK rebels, wrote about their war for many years for a variety of prominent publications before being put on trial in Turkey for her reporting. Based on her interviews with PKK rebels and their supporters and opponents throughout the world—including the Palestinians who trained them, the intelligence services that tracked them, and the dissidents who tried to break them up—Marcus provides an in-depth account of this influential radical group.


Book
Anatomy of a civil war : sociopolitical impacts of the Kurdish conflict in Turkey
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0472901168 0472124285 0472131001 Year: 2018 Publisher: Ann Arbor, Michigan : University of Michigan Press,

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Abstract

Anatomy of a Civil War demonstrates the destructive nature of war, ranging from the physical to the psychosocial, as well as war's detrimental effects on the environment. Despite such horrific aspects, evidence suggests that civil war is likely to generate multilayered outcomes. To examine the transformative aspects of civil war, Mehmet Gurses draws on an original survey conducted in Turkey, where a Kurdish armed group, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), has been waging an intermittent insurgency for Kurdish self-rule since 1984. Findings from a probability sample of 2,100 individuals randomly selected from three major Kurdish-populated provinces in the eastern part of Turkey, coupled with insights from face-to-face in-depth interviews with dozens of individuals affected by violence, provide evidence for the multifaceted nature of exposure to violence during civil war. Just as the destructive nature of war manifests itself in various forms and shapes, wartime experiences can engender positive attitudes toward women, create a culture of political activism, and develop secular values at the individual level. In addition, wartime experiences seem to robustly predict greater support for political activism. Nonetheless, changes in gender relations and the rise of a secular political culture appear to be primarily shaped by wartime experiences interacting with insurgent ideology.


Book
Understanding and influencing public support for insurgency and terrorism
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 0833058762 0833058770 083305869X 9780833058775 9780833058768 9780833058690 9780833058782 0833058789 Year: 2012 Publisher: Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation,

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Abstract

Using and testing a conceptual model that draws on social science and particularly social movement theory, this volume examines public support for al-Qa'ida's transnational jihadist movement, the Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan, the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) in Turkey, and the Maoist insurgency in Nepal. The authors discuss which factors were most salient across cases, how their importance varied in each case, and how this understanding can inform strategy.

Keywords

Insurgency -- Public opinion -- Case studies. --- Nepal -- History -- Civil War, 1996-2006 -- Public opinion. --- Qaida (Organization) -- Public opinion. --- Taliban -- Public opinion. --- Terrorism -- Public opinion -- Case studies. --- Terrorism --- Insurgency --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- Criminology, Penology & Juvenile Delinquency --- Public opinion --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan --- Qaida (Organization) --- Taliban --- Public opinion. --- Nepal --- History --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Insurgent attacks --- Rebellions --- Ḥarakat Ṭālibān --- Taleban --- Taliby --- طالبان --- Qāʻidah (Organization) --- Quaida (Organization) --- Al-Qaida (Organization) --- Qaeda (Organization) --- International Islamic Front for Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders --- Islamic Salvation Foundation --- Group for the Preservation of the Holy Sites --- Islamic Army for the Preservation of Holy Sites --- Islamic Army for the Preservation of the Holy Places --- Al Qaeda (Organization) --- Al Queda (Organization) --- Alʹ-Kaida (Organization) --- Kaida (Organization) --- R̄ekxirawî Elqaʻîde --- Elqaʻîde (Organization) --- تنظيم القاعدة --- قاعدة (منظمة) --- Al-Qaedah (Organization) --- Partiya Karkere Kürdistan --- PKK --- Kurdish Workers' Party --- Worker's Party of Kurdistan --- Apocular (Organization) --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Partiya Karkerén Kürdistan --- Ergatiko Komma tou Kourdistan --- Kurdistan Isci Partisi --- Partito kurdo dei lavoratori --- Partito comunista kurdo --- Partî Kirêkaranî Kurdistan --- KİP --- Ḥizb al-ʻUmmāl al-Kūrdistānī --- Nīpāl --- Ni-po-erh --- Nepāḥ --- Nepal Adhirajya --- Kingdom of Nepal --- Nepāla --- Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal --- Sanghiya Loktāntrik Ganatantra Nepāl --- Непал --- Savezna Demokratska Republika Nepal --- República Federal Democràtica del Nepal --- Kongeriget Nepal --- Demokratische Bundesrepublik Nepal --- Νεπάλ --- Nepalo --- Federacia Demokratia Respubliko Nepalo --- República Federal Democrática de Nepal --- Nepali Demokraatlik Liitvabariik --- Nepalgo Errepublika Demokratiko Federala --- Nepalin demokraattinen liittotasavalta --- République démocratique fédérale du Népal --- נפאל --- Sambandslýðveldið Nepal --- ネパール --- Nepāru --- 네팔 --- Nepalia --- Federale Democratische Republiek Nepal --- Nepālas Federālā Demokrātiskā Republika --- Федеративная Демократическая Республика Непал --- Federativnai︠a︡ Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Nepal --- Савезна Демократска Република Непал --- Республіка Непал --- Respublika Nepal --- Федеративна Демократична Республіка Непал --- Federatyvna Demokratychna Respublika Nepal --- Cộng hòa dân chủ liên bang Nepal --- 尼泊尔 --- Nibo'er --- Direct action --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- Civil war --- Revolutions --- Government, Resistance to --- Internal security --- Kongreya Azadî û Demokrasiya Kurdistan --- Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan


Book
Ideological roots of the conflict between pro-Kurdish and pro-Islamic parties in Turkey
Author:
ISBN: 1443874434 9781443874434 1443855146 9781443855143 Year: 2017 Publisher: Newcastle upon Tyne, UK : Cambridge Scholars Publishing,

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The current agenda of international politics is full of headline-grabbing conflicts. This book focuses on one such conflict, namely the Kurdish question in Turkey, with recent peace negotiations between Turkey and the PKK having apparently failed. The pro-Islamic ruling party of Turkey (the AK Party) and the ideologically leftist pro-Kurdish parties are the key determinants of this conflict. Their historical development since the inception of modern Turkey is discussed here to demonstrate the similarities and differences between these oppositional social and political groups. In this sense, the book claims that ideological rigidity is one of the core factors shaping the relationship between these parties. As such, the book provides a detailed investigation of the ideological perspectives of the key actors in the conflict in order to gain a better understanding of why the last initiative ended negatively.

Keywords

Political parties --- Political parties. --- Politics and government. --- Kurden --- Politische Identität --- Politischer Konflikt --- Parteipolitik --- AK Parti (Turkey) --- Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan --- Turkey --- Turkey. --- Türkei --- Partei --- Politik --- Politische Konflikte --- Konflikt --- Politische Krise --- Nationale Identität --- Historische Identität --- Identität --- Kurdin --- Kurdistan --- Parties, Political --- Party systems, Political --- Political party systems --- Political science --- Divided government --- Intra-party disagreements (Political parties) --- Political conventions --- Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (Turkey) --- AKP (AK Parti) --- Ḥizb al-ʻAdālah wa-al-Tanmiyah (Turkey) --- JDP (Turkey) --- Justice and Development Party (Turkey) --- Partî Dad u Geşepêdan (Turkey) --- Partya Karkeren Kurdistan --- Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê --- PKK --- Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans --- Politische Organisation --- Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi --- Ak Parti --- Partei für Gerechtigkeit und Entwicklung --- Justice and Development Party --- AKP --- Ankara --- 2001 --- -Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (Turkey) --- حزب العدالة والتنمية (تركيا) --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- TC --- République Turque --- T'owrk'ia --- Republic of Turkey --- Republik Türkei --- Turkish Republic --- Turquie --- Türken --- Osmanisches Reich --- 1923 --- -Anatolia --- Anatolie --- Ānātūl --- Asia Minor --- Asia Minore --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Buturuki --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ K --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Komara Tirkiyey --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrk --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Osmanskai͡a Imperii͡ --- Ottoman Empire --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Repóbblica d'l Turch --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Türkiye --- República da Turquia --- Republica de Turchia --- Republica de Turquía --- Republica Turcia --- Republiek Turkeye --- Republiek Turkije --- Republiek van Turkye --- Republik bu Tirki --- Republik Tierkei --- Republik Turkäi --- Républik Turki --- Republik Turkia --- Republika e Turqis --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Republika Turcija --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turcyje --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turkiya --- Republika Turkojska --- Republika Turska --- Republika Turt͡sii͡ --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- République de Turquie --- République turque --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- T.C. --- Tagduda n Tturk --- Teki --- Tëreck --- Ṭerḳay --- Ṭerḳishe Republi --- Thekhi --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ K --- Thú-ngí-kh --- Tiakei --- Tierkei --- Tiki --- Tirki --- Tırkiya --- Tirkiye --- Ti͡urk --- Ti͡urk Respublika --- Ti͡urkii͡ --- Ti͡urkii͡a Respublika --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Tʻŏkʻi --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Torkėj --- Tȯrki --- Törkie --- Tȯrkii͡ --- Tȯrkii͡a Jȯmḣu̇rii͡ate --- Török Köztársaság --- Törökország --- Toruko --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Tourkia --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Tturk --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Tū-ī-g --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Tu'erqi --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tuirc --- Tunk --- Turch --- Turchia --- Turchie --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Turcia --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Turcja --- Turcland --- Turcyjo --- Turechchyna --- Turecká republika --- Turecko --- Tureke --- Turet͡ska Respublika --- Turėtskai͡a Rėspublika --- Tureuki --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Türg --- Türgü Vabariik --- Turk --- Turkäi --- Turkaland --- Turkamastor --- Türkän --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Turkee --- Turkeya --- Turkeye --- Turki --- Turkia --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkie --- Turkiet --- Turkii --- Tu̇rkii͡ --- Tu̇rkii͡a Respublikasy --- Tu̇rkiĭ --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Turkija --- Turkije --- Turkin tasavalta --- Turkio --- Turkiy --- Turkiya Republika --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turkiyah --- Turkiyakondre --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Turkki --- Turkojska --- Turkowska --- Turkujo --- Turkya --- Turkyah --- Turkye --- Turqia --- Turquía --- Turska --- Turtchie --- Turt͡si --- Turt͡si Respubliki --- Turt͡sii͡ --- Turtsyi͡ --- Turukiya --- Tuykia --- Twrci --- Tyrkia --- Tyrkiet --- Tyrkland --- Tẏrt͡si --- Uturuki --- Vysokai͡a Porta --- Whenua Korukoru --- Nationale Identität --- Historische Identität --- Identität

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